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USB Type-C spec

1、定义

本规范定义了 USB Type-C 的 receptacles、plug、cables,即插座、插头、电缆。

USB Type-C 是一种 USB 接口外形标准,拥有比 Type-A 及 Type-B 均小的体积,支持正反插。

USB Type-C 有更多的 PIN 脚,传统的 USB Type-A 只有五个 PIN 脚。

USB Type-C 要注意的是,插座和插头的 CC pin、D+/D- 数量不一样,另外,插头的 B5 是 Vconn

CC:Configuration Channel

拆分后的 PIN 脚功能图如下

typec 主要的新增 PIN 脚

2、CC PIN

Type-C 增加了 CC1/CC2 和 SBU1/SBU2,CC1/CC2 在 USB Type-C 的各种模式 Normal,PD,ALT,Accessory 中都发挥相当重要的作用;而 SBU,主要是为 USB 4.0 设计,并且在 ALT、Accessory 模式也有其作用。

CC 主要有以下功能:

  • 检测 USB 端口的连接,例如 a Source to a Sink
  • 识别电缆方向
  • 在两个连接的端口之间建立数据角色
  • 发现和配置 VBUS,USB Type-C Current modes or USB Power Delivery
  • 配置 Vconn
  • 发现和配置其他 Alternate and Accessory modes
  • 3、 Data Role、Power Role

    Type-C 的 Data Role

    在 USB2.0 端口,USB 根据数据传输的方向定义了 HOST/Device/OTG 三种角色,其中 OTG 即可作为 HOST,也可作为 Device。在 Type-C 中,也有类似的定义,只是名字有了些许修改。如下所示:

    (1)DFP(Downstream Facing Port)

    下行端口,可以理解为 Host 或者是 HUB。DFP 提供 VBUS、VCONN,可以接收数据。

    (2)UFP(Upstream Facing Port)

    上行端口,可以理解为 Device。UFP 从 VBUS 中取电,并可提供数据。典型设备是 U 盘,移动硬盘。

    (3)DRD(Dual Role Data)

    双角色端口,DRD 既可以做 DFP 也可以做 UFP,也可以在 DFP 与 UFP 间动态切换。

    Type-C 的 Power Role

    根据 USB PORT 的供电(受电)情况,USB Type-C 将 port 划分为 Source、Sink 、DRP(Dual-Role-Power)

    姓名年龄
    SinkPort asserting Rd on CC and when attached is consuming power from VBUs
    SourcePort asserting Rp on CC and when attached is providing power over VBus
    DRP(Dual-Role-Power)A USB port that can operate as either a Source or a Sink

    4、硬件原理图

    5、Type-C Data Bus Routing

    6、Type-C Attach/Detach Detection

    Pull-Up Resistance (Rp)
       Power: Source,Provider
       Data: DFP,Host
       Vconn Source: for eMark IC
    Pull-Down Resistance (Rd)
       Power: Sink, Consumer
       Data: UFP,Device
    功能图详细说明

    Source

    initially the Source has VBUS disabled.

  • The Source supplies pull-up resistors (Rp) on CC1 and CC2 and monitors both to detect a Sink. The presence of an Rd pull-down resistor on either pin indicates that a Sink is being attached. The value of Rp indicates the initial USB Type-C Current level supported by the host.
  • The Source uses the CC pin pull-down characteristic to detect and establish the correct routing for the USB SuperSpeed data path and determine which CC pin is intended for supplying VCONN.
  • Once a Sink is detected, the Source enables VBUS and VCONN.
  • The Source can dynamically adjust the value of Rp to indicate a change in available USB Type-C Current to a Sink.
  • The Source monitors the continued presence of Rd to detect Sink detach. When a detach event is detected, the Source removes, if supplied, VBUS and VCONN, and returns to step 1.
  • If the Source supports advanced functions (USB Power Delivery and/or Alternate Modes), USB PD communication is required.
  • Sink

  • The Sink terminates both CC1 and CC2 to GND using pull-down resistors.
  • The Sink determines that a Source is attached by the presence of power on VBUS.
  • The Sink uses the CC pin pull-up characteristic to detect and establish the correct routing for the USB SuperSpeed data path.
  • The Sink can optionally monitor CC to detect an available higher USB Type-C Current from the Source. The Sink shall manage its load to stay within the detected Source current limit.
  • If the Sink supports advanced functions (USB Power Delivery and/or Alternate Modes), USB PD communication is required.
  • The Source supplies pull-up resistors (Rp) on CC1 and CC2
  • The Sink supplies pull-down resistors (Rd) on CC1 and CC2
  • After Source detect Rd on CC (Sink is detected), the Source enables VBUS
  • 7、Timing Parameters

    8、State Diagram

    1. No TA/Device Connected、Detached or cable only
        HW-DRP toggling
        SW-idle
        
    2.TA Connected stage1
        HW-detected Rp/Rd,expose as Sink/Source,alert SW cc-change
        SW-receive cc-change, waiting for tCCDebounce to make sure it'not a noise
        
    3.TA Connected stage2
        HW-detected Vbus_valid alert SW ps_change
        SW-after tCCDebounce, check vbus; if valid alert system TA connected and start PD communication;